Sure 57 Al-Hadid — Aya 16
۞ أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ أَن تَخْشَعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ لِذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا نَزَلَ مِنَ ٱلْحَقِّ وَلَا يَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبْلُ فَطَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْأَمَدُ فَقَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ ۖ وَكَثِيرٌۭ مِّنْهُمْ فَٰسِقُونَ
Ist nicht für die Gläubigen die Zeit gekommen, ihre Herzen zu demütigen vor der Ermahnung Allahs und vor der Wahrheit, die herabkam, und nicht so zu werden wie jene, denen zuvor die Schrift gegeben wurde und denen es zu lange dauerte, so daß ihre Herzen verstockt und viele von ihnen zu Frevlern wurden?
alam yani lilladhīna āmanū an takhshaʿa qulūbuhum lidhik'ri l-lahi wamā nazala mina l-ḥaqi walā yakūnū ka-alladhīna ūtū l-kitāba min qablu faṭāla ʿalayhimu l-amadu faqasat qulūbuhum wakathīrun min'hum fāsiqūna
Wort für Wort
- ۞ أَلَمْ alam Has not
- يَأْنِ yani come (the) time
- لِلَّذِينَ lilladhīna for those who
- ءَامَنُوٓا۟ āmanū believed
- أَن an that
- تَخْشَعَ takhshaʿa become humble
- قُلُوبُهُمْ qulūbuhum their hearts
- لِذِكْرِ lidhik'ri at (the) remembrance (of) Allah
- ٱللَّهِ l-lahi at (the) remembrance (of) Allah
- وَمَا wamā and what
- نَزَلَ nazala has come down
- مِنَ mina of
- ٱلْحَقِّ l-ḥaqi the truth
- وَلَا walā And not
- يَكُونُوا۟ yakūnū they become
- كَٱلَّذِينَ ka-alladhīna like those who
- أُوتُوا۟ ūtū were given
- ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ l-kitāba the Book
- مِن min before
- قَبْلُ qablu before
- فَطَالَ faṭāla (and) was prolonged
- عَلَيْهِمُ ʿalayhimu for them
- ٱلْأَمَدُ l-amadu the term
- فَقَسَتْ faqasat so hardened
- قُلُوبُهُمْ ۖ qulūbuhum their hearts
- وَكَثِيرٌۭ wakathīrun and many
- مِّنْهُمْ min'hum of them
- فَـٰسِقُونَ fāsiqūna (are) defiantly disobedient
Tafsir · Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
meaning, it is the worthy shelter for you rather than any other residence, because of your disbelief and doubt, and how evil is the Fire for Final Destination.
Encouraging Khushu` and the Prohibition of imitating the People of the Scriptures
Allah asks, `Has not the time come for the believers to feel humility in their hearts by the remembrance of Allah and hearing subtle advice and the recitation of the Qur'an, so that they may comprehend the Qur'an, abide by it, and hear and obey Muslim recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "Only four years separated our acceptance of Islam and the revelation of this Ayah, in which Allah subtly admonished us,
(Has not the time yet come for the believers that their hearts should be humble for the remembrance of Allah)" This is the narration Muslim collected, just before the end of his book. An-Nasa'i also collected this Hadith in the Tafsir of this Ayah. Allah's statement,
(Lest they become as those who received the Scripture before, and the term was prolonged for them and so their hearts were hardened) Allah is prohibiting the believers from imitating those who were given the Scriptures before them, the Jews and Christians. As time passed, they changed the Book of Allah that they had, and sold it for a small, miserable price. They also abandoned Allah's Book behind their back and were impressed and consumed by various opinions and false creeds. They imitated the way others behaved with the religion of Allah, making their rabbis and priests into gods beside Allah. Consequently, their hearts became hard and they would not accept advice; their hearts did not feel humbled by Allah's promises or threats,
(And many of them were rebellious.) meaning, in action; therefore, their hearts are corrupt and their actions are invalid, just as Allah the Exalted said,
(So, because of their breach of their covenant, We cursed them and made their hearts grow hard. They changed the words from their (right) places and have abandoned a good part of the Message that was sent to them.)(5:13) meaning, their hearts became corrupt and they hardened, and they acquired the behavior of changing Allah's Speech from their appropriate places and meanings. They abandoned acts of worship that they were commanded to perform and committed what they were prohibited to do. This is why Allah forbade the believers from imitating them in any way, be it basic or detailed matters. Allah the Exalted said,
(Know that Allah gives life to the earth after its death! Indeed We have made clear the Ayat to you, if you but understand.) This Ayah indicates that He brings subtleness to hearts after they have become hard, guides the confused after they were led astray, and relieves hardships after they have intensified. And just as Allah brings life back to the dead and dry earth by sending the needed abundant rain, He also guides the hardened hearts with the proofs and evidences of the Qur'an. The light (of faith) would have access to the hearts once again, after they were closed and, as a consequence, no guidance was able to reach them. All praise is due to Him Who guides whomever He wills after they were misguided, Who misguides those who were led aright before. Surely, it is He Who does what He wills and He is the All-Wise, the Most Just in all that He does, the Most Subtle, the Most Aware, the Most High, the Proud.