Surah 2 Al-Baqara — Ayah 251
فَهَزَمُوهُم بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَتَلَ دَاوُۥدُ جَالُوتَ وَءَاتَىٰهُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْمُلْكَ وَٱلْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَهُۥ مِمَّا يَشَآءُ ۗ وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّاسَ بَعْضَهُم بِبَعْضٍۢ لَّفَسَدَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ
Аллаһ ярдәме белән аз санда булган мөэминнәр гаскәре, күп санда булган кәфер гаскәрен җиңделәр һәм Даут, көферләрнең башлыгы – Җалутны үтерде. Аллаһ Даутка байлык һәм пәйгамбәрлек бирде һәм аңа үзе теләгән нәрсәләрне өйрәтте. Әгәр Аллаһ кешеләрне якламаса иде, әлбәттә, җирдәге кешеләр һәммәсе һәлак булыр иделәр. Ләкин Аллаһ барча галәмнәр мәхлугына рәхмәт иясе.
fahazamūhum bi-idh'ni l-lahi waqatala dāwūdu jālūta waātāhu l-lahu l-mul'ka wal-ḥik'mata waʿallamahu mimmā yashāu walawlā dafʿu l-lahi l-nāsa baʿḍahum bibaʿḍin lafasadati l-arḍu walākinna l-laha dhū faḍlin ʿalā l-ʿālamīna
Word by word
- فَهَزَمُوهُم fahazamūhum So they defeated them
- بِإِذْنِ bi-idh'ni by (the) permission
- ٱللَّهِ l-lahi (of) Allah
- وَقَتَلَ waqatala and killed
- دَاوُۥدُ dāwūdu Dawood
- جَالُوتَ jālūta Jalut
- وَءَاتَىٰهُ waātāhu and gave him
- ٱللَّهُ l-lahu Allah
- ٱلْمُلْكَ l-mul'ka the kingdom
- وَٱلْحِكْمَةَ wal-ḥik'mata and the wisdom
- وَعَلَّمَهُۥ waʿallamahu and taught him
- مِمَّا mimmā that which
- يَشَآءُ ۗ yashāu He willed
- وَلَوْلَا walawlā And if not
- دَفْعُ dafʿu (for the) repelling
- ٱللَّهِ l-lahi (by) Allah
- ٱلنَّاسَ l-nāsa [the] people
- بَعْضَهُم baʿḍahum some of them
- بِبَعْضٍۢ bibaʿḍin with others
- لَّفَسَدَتِ lafasadati certainly (would have) corrupted
- ٱلْأَرْضُ l-arḍu the Earth
- وَلَـٰكِنَّ walākinna [and] but
- ٱللَّهَ l-laha Allah
- ذُو dhū (is) Possessor
- فَضْلٍ faḍlin (of) bounty
- عَلَى ʿalā to
- ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ l-ʿālamīna the worlds
Tafsir · Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
When the faithful party, who were few under the command of Talut, faced their enemy, who were many under the command of Jalut,
(they invoked: "Our Lord! Pour forth on us patience...") meaning, send down patience on us from You.
(and set firm our feet) meaning, against the enemy and save us from running away and from feebleness,
(and make us victorious over the disbelieving people.)
Allah said:
(So they routed them by Allah's leave) meaning, they defeated and overwhelmed them by Allah's aid and support. Then,
(and Dawud killed Jalut)
Israelite accounts claimed that (Prophet) David killed Goliath with a slingshot that he had, which he launched at Goliath causing his death.
Talut promised that whoever killed Jalut, would marry his daughter and would share his kingship and authority. He kept his promise. Later, the kingship was transferred to Prophet Dawud in addition to being granted Prophethood by Allah. So, Allah said:
(...and Allah gave him (Dawud) the kingdom) that Talut had and,
(and Al-Hikmah) that comes with the prophethood, meaning, after Shamwil. Allah then said:
(and taught him of that which He willed.) meaning, what He willed of the knowledge that He bestowed on (Prophet) Dawud.
Next, Allah said:
(And if Allah did not check one set of people by means of another, the earth would indeed be full of mischief.)
This Ayah indicates that if it were not for the fact that Allah checks one set of people with another, such as when Talut and the bravery of Dawud helped the Children of Israel (against Goliath), then people would have perished. Similarly, Allah said:
(For had it not been that Allah checks one set of people by means of another, monasteries, churches, synagogues, and Masjids, wherein the Name of Allah is mentioned much, would surely, have been pulled down.) (22:40)
Allah then said:
(But Allah is full of bounty to the `Alamin (mankind, Jinn and all that exists)) meaning, by His mercy and favor He fixes some of them by some others. Surely, Allah has the wisdom, the supreme authority and the clear proof against His creation in all of His actions and statements.
Allah said:
(These are the verses of Allah, We recite them to you (O Muhammad ) in truth, and surely, you are one of the Messengers (of Allah).)
This Ayah states, `These Ayat (verses) of Allah that We have narrated for you in truth conform to the exact manner that these stories have occurred and to the truth that still remain in the (Divine) Books that the scholars of the Children of Israel have and know. Allah said: O Muhammad,
(you are)
(one of the Messengers (of Allah)) emphatically stating the truth of his prophethood