سوره 28 Al-Qasas — آیه 23
وَلَمَّا وَرَدَ مَآءَ مَدْيَنَ وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ أُمَّةًۭ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ يَسْقُونَ وَوَجَدَ مِن دُونِهِمُ ٱمْرَأَتَيْنِ تَذُودَانِ ۖ قَالَ مَا خَطْبُكُمَا ۖ قَالَتَا لَا نَسْقِى حَتَّىٰ يُصْدِرَ ٱلرِّعَآءُ ۖ وَأَبُونَا شَيْخٌۭ كَبِيرٌۭ
چون به آب مدين رسيد، گروهى از مردم را ديد كه چارپايان خود را آب مى‌دهند و پشت سرشان دو زن را ديد كه گوسفندان خود را باز مى‌رانند. گفت: شما چه مى‌كنيد؟ گفتند: ما آب نمى‌دهيم تا آنگاه كه چوپانان باز گردند، كه پدر ما پيرى بزرگوار است.
walammā warada māa madyana wajada ʿalayhi ummatan mina l-nāsi yasqūna wawajada min dūnihimu im'ra-atayni tadhūdāni qāla mā khaṭbukumā qālatā lā nasqī ḥattā yuṣ'dira l-riʿāu wa-abūnā shaykhun kabīrun
کلمه به کلمه
- وَلَمَّا walammā And when
- وَرَدَ warada he came
- مَآءَ māa (to the) water
- مَدْيَنَ madyana (of) Madyan
- وَجَدَ wajada he found
- عَلَيْهِ ʿalayhi on it
- أُمَّةًۭ ummatan a group
- مِّنَ mina of
- ٱلنَّاسِ l-nāsi men
- يَسْقُونَ yasqūna watering
- وَوَجَدَ wawajada and he found
- مِن min besides them
- دُونِهِمُ dūnihimu besides them
- ٱمْرَأَتَيْنِ im'ra-atayni two women
- تَذُودَانِ ۖ tadhūdāni keeping back
- قَالَ qāla He said
- مَا mā What
- خَطْبُكُمَا ۖ khaṭbukumā (is the) matter with both of you
- قَالَتَا qālatā They said
- لَا lā We cannot water
- نَسْقِى nasqī We cannot water
- حَتَّىٰ ḥattā until
- يُصْدِرَ yuṣ'dira take away
- ٱلرِّعَآءُ ۖ l-riʿāu the shepherds
- وَأَبُونَا wa-abūnā and our father
- شَيْخٌۭ shaykhun (is) a very old man
- كَبِيرٌۭ kabīrun (is) a very old man
تفسیر · Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
Musa, peace be upon him, in Madyan, and how He watered the Flocks of the Two Women
When the man told Musa about how Fir`awn and his chiefs were conspiring against him, he left Egypt on his own. He was not used to being alone, because before that he had been living a life of luxury and ease, in a position of leadership.
(So he escaped from there, looking about in a state of fear.) meaning, turning around and watching.
(My Lord! Save me from the people who are wrongdoers!) means, from Fir`awn and his chiefs. It was mentioned that Allah sent to him an angel riding a horse, who showed him the way. And Allah knows best.
(And when he went towards (the land of) Madyan,) means, he took a smooth and easy route -- and he rejoiced because of that.
(he said: "It may be that my Lord guides me to the right way.") meaning, the most straight route. And Allah did indeed do that, for He guided him to the straight path in this world and the Hereafter, and caused him to be guided and to guide others.
(And when he arrived at the water (a well) of Madyan,) means, when he reached Madyan and went to drink from its water, for it had a well where shepherds used to water their flocks,
(he found there a group of men watering, and besides them he found two women who were keeping back.) means, they were stopping their sheep from drinking with the sheep of those shepherds, lest some harm come to them. When Musa, peace be upon him, saw them, he felt sorry for them and took pity on them.
(He said: "What is the matter with you") meaning, `why do you not water your flocks with these people'
(They said: "We cannot water until the shepherds take...") meaning, `we cannot water our flocks until they finish.'
(And our father is a very old man.) means, `this is what has driven us to what you see.'
(So he watered (their flocks) for them, )
(then he turned back to shade, and said: "My Lord! Truly, I am in need of whatever good that You bestow on me!")
(to shade,) Ibn `Abbas, Ibn Mas`ud and As-Suddi said: "He sat beneath a tree." `Ata' bin As-Sa'ib said: "When Musa said:
("My Lord! Truly, I am in need of whatever good that You bestow on me!") the women heard him."