سوره 2 Al-Baqara — آیه 215
يَسْـَٔلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنفِقُونَ ۖ قُلْ مَآ أَنفَقْتُم مِّنْ خَيْرٍۢ فَلِلْوَٰلِدَيْنِ وَٱلْأَقْرَبِينَ وَٱلْيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلْمَسَٰكِينِ وَٱبْنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ ۗ وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا۟ مِنْ خَيْرٍۢ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِهِۦ عَلِيمٌۭ
از تو مى‌پرسند كه چه انفاق كنند؟ بگو آنچه از مال خود انفاق مى‌كنيد، براى پدر و مادر و خويشاوندان و يتيمان و مسكينان و رهگذران باشد، و هر كار نيكى كه كنيد خدا به آن آگاه است.
yasalūnaka mādhā yunfiqūna qul mā anfaqtum min khayrin falil'wālidayni wal-aqrabīna wal-yatāmā wal-masākīni wa-ib'ni l-sabīli wamā tafʿalū min khayrin fa-inna l-laha bihi ʿalīmun
کلمه به کلمه
- يَسْـَٔلُونَكَ yasalūnaka They ask you
- مَاذَا mādhā what
- يُنفِقُونَ ۖ yunfiqūna they (should) spend
- قُلْ qul Say
- مَآ mā Whatever
- أَنفَقْتُم anfaqtum you spend
- مِّنْ min of
- خَيْرٍۢ khayrin good
- فَلِلْوَٰلِدَيْنِ falil'wālidayni (is) for parents
- وَٱلْأَقْرَبِينَ wal-aqrabīna and the relatives
- وَٱلْيَتَـٰمَىٰ wal-yatāmā and the orphans
- وَٱلْمَسَـٰكِينِ wal-masākīni and the needy
- وَٱبْنِ wa-ib'ni and (of)
- ٱلسَّبِيلِ ۗ l-sabīli the wayfarer
- وَمَا wamā And whatever
- تَفْعَلُوا۟ tafʿalū you do
- مِنْ min of
- خَيْرٍۢ khayrin good
- فَإِنَّ fa-inna So indeed
- ٱللَّهَ l-laha Allah
- بِهِۦ bihi of it
- عَلِيمٌۭ ʿalīmun (is) All-Aware
تفسیر · Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
Who deserves the Nafaqah (Spending or Charity)
Muqatil bin Hayyan said that this Ayah was revealed about the voluntary charity. The Ayah means, `They ask you (O Muhammad ) how they should spend,' as Ibn `Abbas and Mujahid have stated. So, Allah explained it for them, saying:
(Say: "Whatever you spend of good must be for parents and kindred and orphans and Al-Masakin and the wayfarer,") meaning, spend it on these categories or areas. Similarly, a Hadith states (that those who deserve one's generosity the most, are):
(Your mother, father, sister, brother, the closest and then the farthest (relatives).)
Maymun bin Mihran once recited this Ayah (2:215) and commented, "These are the areas of spending. Allah did not mention among them the drums, pipe, wooden pictures, or the curtains that cover the walls."
Next, Allah said:
(...and whatever you do of good deeds, truly, Allah knows it well.) meaning, whatever you perform of good works, Allah knows them and He will reward you for them in the best manner, no one will be dealt with unjustly, even the weight of an atom.